Our worldAges 10-12

Settlements, cities & migration

Examine settlement hierarchy, push and pull migration factors, greenbelts, brownfield sites and sustainable cities. Review suitability for your learners before teaching.

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Age band:Ages 10-12 Ages 13-15

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Worksheet StudioPractice pack · Ages 10-12

Settlements, cities & migration

Take your time. Show your thinking.

1. Positive attractions that draw migrants toward a new destination (such as better jobs, universities, hospitals and safety) are called: pull factors or push factors?
Positive attractions that … · Settlements, cities & migr…
2. In a flood-prone river valley, a settlement built on slightly higher dry ground above the floodplain is called: a dry-point site or a wet-point site?
In a flood-prone river val… · Settlements, cities & migr…
3. Building a new housing estate on previously undeveloped farmland or meadow at the edge of a town uses: a greenfield site or a brownfield site?
Building a new housing est… · Settlements, cities & migr…
4. What do we call the unplanned outward spread of low-density suburbs and roads into surrounding countryside at the edge of a city: urban sprawl or counter-urbanisation?
What do we call the unplan… · Settlements, cities & migr…
5. Why are urban temperatures often 2 °C to 5 °C warmer than the surrounding countryside, especially at night (the urban heat island effect): dark concrete and tarmac absorb heat and buildings trap warmth while releasing waste heat, or cities are closer to the Sun?
2 °C · 5 °C · Settlements, cities & migr…
6. When people and businesses move out of large crowded cities into smaller towns and rural villages (enabled by fast transport and remote working), this movement is called: counter-urbanisation or rural-to-urban migration?
When people and businesses… · Settlements, cities & migr…
7. What is a protected zone of open farmland, woodland or parkland designated around a city to restrict urban sprawl and preserve green space: a greenbelt or an industrial estate?
What is a protected zone o… · Settlements, cities & migr…
8. What is the central commercial and financial heart of a city, typically characterised by high land values, tall office buildings and major transport hubs: the Central Business District (CBD) or the rural-urban fringe?
What is the central commer… · Settlements, cities & migr…
9. What do geographers call a very large urban agglomeration with a total population of more than 10 million people (such as Tokyo, Delhi or São Paulo): a megacity or a hamlet?
10 m · Settlements, cities & migr…
10. In urban planning, redeveloping derelict former industrial land or disused docks inside a city rather than building on untouched countryside uses: a brownfield site or a greenfield site?
In urban planning, redevel… · Settlements, cities & migr…
11. Which urban transport strategy reduces traffic congestion and air pollution most effectively: investing in frequent electric buses, metro rail and safe cycle lanes, or removing all pavements?
Which urban transport stra… · Settlements, cities & migr…
12. What term describes the increasing percentage of a country’s population living in towns and cities rather than rural areas: urbanisation or reforestation?
What term describes the in… · Settlements, cities & migr…

12 questions · Seed 50 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification

View the answer key

Worksheet StudioAnswer key · Ages 10-12

Settlements, cities & migration

Answers and reasoning. Review before teaching.

1. Positive attractions that draw migrants toward a new destination (such as better jobs, universities, hospitals and safety) are called: pull factors or push factors?
Pull factors
Pull factors attract people to move into a particular town, region or country.
2. In a flood-prone river valley, a settlement built on slightly higher dry ground above the floodplain is called: a dry-point site or a wet-point site?
Dry-point site
Dry-point sites protect buildings and crops from seasonal river flooding.
3. Building a new housing estate on previously undeveloped farmland or meadow at the edge of a town uses: a greenfield site or a brownfield site?
Greenfield site
Greenfield land has never been built on before.
4. What do we call the unplanned outward spread of low-density suburbs and roads into surrounding countryside at the edge of a city: urban sprawl or counter-urbanisation?
Urban sprawl
Urban sprawl consumes agricultural land and increases car dependency.
5. Why are urban temperatures often 2 °C to 5 °C warmer than the surrounding countryside, especially at night (the urban heat island effect): dark concrete and tarmac absorb heat and buildings trap warmth while releasing waste heat, or cities are closer to the Sun?
Dark concrete and tarmac absorb heat and buildings trap warmth while releasing waste heat
Impervious dark surfaces, reduced vegetation and energy use create an urban heat island.
6. When people and businesses move out of large crowded cities into smaller towns and rural villages (enabled by fast transport and remote working), this movement is called: counter-urbanisation or rural-to-urban migration?
Counter-urbanisation
Counter-urbanisation is the demographic movement from major cities to smaller rural settlements.
7. What is a protected zone of open farmland, woodland or parkland designated around a city to restrict urban sprawl and preserve green space: a greenbelt or an industrial estate?
Greenbelt
Greenbelt planning policies prevent neighbouring towns from merging into one continuous built-up area.
8. What is the central commercial and financial heart of a city, typically characterised by high land values, tall office buildings and major transport hubs: the Central Business District (CBD) or the rural-urban fringe?
Central Business District (CBD)
The CBD is the most accessible commercial core of a city where retail and office space is concentrated.
9. What do geographers call a very large urban agglomeration with a total population of more than 10 million people (such as Tokyo, Delhi or São Paulo): a megacity or a hamlet?
Megacity
The United Nations defines a megacity as an urban area with 10 million or more inhabitants.
10. In urban planning, redeveloping derelict former industrial land or disused docks inside a city rather than building on untouched countryside uses: a brownfield site or a greenfield site?
Brownfield site
Brownfield sites have been previously developed; reusing them regenerates inner cities and protects rural greenfield land.
11. Which urban transport strategy reduces traffic congestion and air pollution most effectively: investing in frequent electric buses, metro rail and safe cycle lanes, or removing all pavements?
Investing in frequent electric buses, metro rail and safe cycle lanes
High-capacity public transit and active-travel infrastructure move far more people per metre of road space with lower emissions.
12. What term describes the increasing percentage of a country’s population living in towns and cities rather than rural areas: urbanisation or reforestation?
Urbanisation
Urbanisation is the demographic shift from rural to urban living.

12 questions · Seed 50 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification

Worksheet StudioPractice pack · Ages 10-12

Settlements, cities & migration

Take your time. Show your thinking.

1. Positive attractions that draw migrants toward a new destination (such as better jobs, universities, hospitals and safety) are called: pull factors or push factors?
Positive attractions that … · Settlements, cities & migr…
2. In a flood-prone river valley, a settlement built on slightly higher dry ground above the floodplain is called: a dry-point site or a wet-point site?
In a flood-prone river val… · Settlements, cities & migr…
3. Building a new housing estate on previously undeveloped farmland or meadow at the edge of a town uses: a greenfield site or a brownfield site?
Building a new housing est… · Settlements, cities & migr…
4. What do we call the unplanned outward spread of low-density suburbs and roads into surrounding countryside at the edge of a city: urban sprawl or counter-urbanisation?
What do we call the unplan… · Settlements, cities & migr…
5. Why are urban temperatures often 2 °C to 5 °C warmer than the surrounding countryside, especially at night (the urban heat island effect): dark concrete and tarmac absorb heat and buildings trap warmth while releasing waste heat, or cities are closer to the Sun?
2 °C · 5 °C · Settlements, cities & migr…
6. When people and businesses move out of large crowded cities into smaller towns and rural villages (enabled by fast transport and remote working), this movement is called: counter-urbanisation or rural-to-urban migration?
When people and businesses… · Settlements, cities & migr…
7. What is a protected zone of open farmland, woodland or parkland designated around a city to restrict urban sprawl and preserve green space: a greenbelt or an industrial estate?
What is a protected zone o… · Settlements, cities & migr…
8. What is the central commercial and financial heart of a city, typically characterised by high land values, tall office buildings and major transport hubs: the Central Business District (CBD) or the rural-urban fringe?
What is the central commer… · Settlements, cities & migr…
9. What do geographers call a very large urban agglomeration with a total population of more than 10 million people (such as Tokyo, Delhi or São Paulo): a megacity or a hamlet?
10 m · Settlements, cities & migr…
10. In urban planning, redeveloping derelict former industrial land or disused docks inside a city rather than building on untouched countryside uses: a brownfield site or a greenfield site?
In urban planning, redevel… · Settlements, cities & migr…
11. Which urban transport strategy reduces traffic congestion and air pollution most effectively: investing in frequent electric buses, metro rail and safe cycle lanes, or removing all pavements?
Which urban transport stra… · Settlements, cities & migr…
12. What term describes the increasing percentage of a country’s population living in towns and cities rather than rural areas: urbanisation or reforestation?
What term describes the in… · Settlements, cities & migr…

12 questions · Seed 50 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification

Worksheet StudioAnswer key · Ages 10-12

Settlements, cities & migration

Answers and reasoning. Review before teaching.

1. Positive attractions that draw migrants toward a new destination (such as better jobs, universities, hospitals and safety) are called: pull factors or push factors?
Pull factors
Pull factors attract people to move into a particular town, region or country.
2. In a flood-prone river valley, a settlement built on slightly higher dry ground above the floodplain is called: a dry-point site or a wet-point site?
Dry-point site
Dry-point sites protect buildings and crops from seasonal river flooding.
3. Building a new housing estate on previously undeveloped farmland or meadow at the edge of a town uses: a greenfield site or a brownfield site?
Greenfield site
Greenfield land has never been built on before.
4. What do we call the unplanned outward spread of low-density suburbs and roads into surrounding countryside at the edge of a city: urban sprawl or counter-urbanisation?
Urban sprawl
Urban sprawl consumes agricultural land and increases car dependency.
5. Why are urban temperatures often 2 °C to 5 °C warmer than the surrounding countryside, especially at night (the urban heat island effect): dark concrete and tarmac absorb heat and buildings trap warmth while releasing waste heat, or cities are closer to the Sun?
Dark concrete and tarmac absorb heat and buildings trap warmth while releasing waste heat
Impervious dark surfaces, reduced vegetation and energy use create an urban heat island.
6. When people and businesses move out of large crowded cities into smaller towns and rural villages (enabled by fast transport and remote working), this movement is called: counter-urbanisation or rural-to-urban migration?
Counter-urbanisation
Counter-urbanisation is the demographic movement from major cities to smaller rural settlements.
7. What is a protected zone of open farmland, woodland or parkland designated around a city to restrict urban sprawl and preserve green space: a greenbelt or an industrial estate?
Greenbelt
Greenbelt planning policies prevent neighbouring towns from merging into one continuous built-up area.
8. What is the central commercial and financial heart of a city, typically characterised by high land values, tall office buildings and major transport hubs: the Central Business District (CBD) or the rural-urban fringe?
Central Business District (CBD)
The CBD is the most accessible commercial core of a city where retail and office space is concentrated.
9. What do geographers call a very large urban agglomeration with a total population of more than 10 million people (such as Tokyo, Delhi or São Paulo): a megacity or a hamlet?
Megacity
The United Nations defines a megacity as an urban area with 10 million or more inhabitants.
10. In urban planning, redeveloping derelict former industrial land or disused docks inside a city rather than building on untouched countryside uses: a brownfield site or a greenfield site?
Brownfield site
Brownfield sites have been previously developed; reusing them regenerates inner cities and protects rural greenfield land.
11. Which urban transport strategy reduces traffic congestion and air pollution most effectively: investing in frequent electric buses, metro rail and safe cycle lanes, or removing all pavements?
Investing in frequent electric buses, metro rail and safe cycle lanes
High-capacity public transit and active-travel infrastructure move far more people per metre of road space with lower emissions.
12. What term describes the increasing percentage of a country’s population living in towns and cities rather than rural areas: urbanisation or reforestation?
Urbanisation
Urbanisation is the demographic shift from rural to urban living.

12 questions · Seed 50 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification