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Settlements, cities & migration

Examine settlement hierarchy, push and pull migration factors, greenbelts, brownfield sites and sustainable cities. Review suitability for your learners before teaching.

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Worksheet StudioPractice pack · Ages 10-12

Settlements, cities & migration

Take your time. Show your thinking.

1. What is a “sustainable city” (eco-city) designed to achieve: meeting residents’ housing, transport, water and energy needs while minimising waste, pollution and resource depletion, or paving over all parks?
“sustainable city” · Settlements, cities & migr…
2. When several neighbouring cities and large towns expand and merge into one continuous built-up urban region, what is this merged urban area called: a conurbation or an archipelago?
When several neighbouring … · Settlements, cities & migr…
3. In a flood-prone river valley, a settlement built on slightly higher dry ground above the floodplain is called: a dry-point site or a wet-point site?
In a flood-prone river val… · Settlements, cities & migr…
4. What is a protected zone of open farmland, woodland or parkland designated around a city to restrict urban sprawl and preserve green space: a greenbelt or an industrial estate?
What is a protected zone o… · Settlements, cities & migr…
5. When people and businesses move out of large crowded cities into smaller towns and rural villages (enabled by fast transport and remote working), this movement is called: counter-urbanisation or rural-to-urban migration?
When people and businesses… · Settlements, cities & migr…
6. Which urban transport strategy reduces traffic congestion and air pollution most effectively: investing in frequent electric buses, metro rail and safe cycle lanes, or removing all pavements?
Which urban transport stra… · Settlements, cities & migr…
7. What is the difference between internal migration and international migration: internal migration takes place within the borders of the same country, whereas international migration crosses a national border, or they are identical?
What is the difference bet… · Settlements, cities & migr…
8. In human geography, what is the correct settlement hierarchy in order of increasing population size and services: Hamlet → Village → Town → City, or City → Town → Hamlet → Village?
In human geography, what i… · Settlements, cities & migr…
9. What do geographers call the minimum number of customers required to support a particular shop or service (such as a corner bakery vs an international airport): the threshold population or the birth rate?
What do geographers call t… · Settlements, cities & migr…
10. What do geographers call a very large urban agglomeration with a total population of more than 10 million people (such as Tokyo, Delhi or São Paulo): a megacity or a hamlet?
10 m · Settlements, cities & migr…
11. Building a new housing estate on previously undeveloped farmland or meadow at the edge of a town uses: a greenfield site or a brownfield site?
Building a new housing est… · Settlements, cities & migr…
12. Historically, why were many early settlements founded next to rivers, sheltered harbours or fresh springs (wet-point sites): for a reliable supply of fresh drinking water, fishing and boat transport, or to avoid all water?
Historically, why were man… · Settlements, cities & migr…

12 questions · Seed 49 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification

View the answer key

Worksheet StudioAnswer key · Ages 10-12

Settlements, cities & migration

Answers and reasoning. Review before teaching.

1. What is a “sustainable city” (eco-city) designed to achieve: meeting residents’ housing, transport, water and energy needs while minimising waste, pollution and resource depletion, or paving over all parks?
Meeting residents’ housing, transport, water and energy needs while minimising waste, pollution and resource depletion
Sustainable urban design integrates green roofs, solar energy, water recycling, parks and clean transit.
2. When several neighbouring cities and large towns expand and merge into one continuous built-up urban region, what is this merged urban area called: a conurbation or an archipelago?
Conurbation
A conurbation forms when formerly separate towns grow outward and coalesce.
3. In a flood-prone river valley, a settlement built on slightly higher dry ground above the floodplain is called: a dry-point site or a wet-point site?
Dry-point site
Dry-point sites protect buildings and crops from seasonal river flooding.
4. What is a protected zone of open farmland, woodland or parkland designated around a city to restrict urban sprawl and preserve green space: a greenbelt or an industrial estate?
Greenbelt
Greenbelt planning policies prevent neighbouring towns from merging into one continuous built-up area.
5. When people and businesses move out of large crowded cities into smaller towns and rural villages (enabled by fast transport and remote working), this movement is called: counter-urbanisation or rural-to-urban migration?
Counter-urbanisation
Counter-urbanisation is the demographic movement from major cities to smaller rural settlements.
6. Which urban transport strategy reduces traffic congestion and air pollution most effectively: investing in frequent electric buses, metro rail and safe cycle lanes, or removing all pavements?
Investing in frequent electric buses, metro rail and safe cycle lanes
High-capacity public transit and active-travel infrastructure move far more people per metre of road space with lower emissions.
7. What is the difference between internal migration and international migration: internal migration takes place within the borders of the same country, whereas international migration crosses a national border, or they are identical?
Internal migration takes place within the borders of the same country, whereas international migration crosses a national border
Moving from a rural island or village to the national capital is internal migration; moving to another country is international migration.
8. In human geography, what is the correct settlement hierarchy in order of increasing population size and services: Hamlet → Village → Town → City, or City → Town → Hamlet → Village?
Hamlet → Village → Town → City
A hamlet has only a few dwellings; a village adds basic services; a town and city offer progressively larger populations and specialist services.
9. What do geographers call the minimum number of customers required to support a particular shop or service (such as a corner bakery vs an international airport): the threshold population or the birth rate?
Threshold population
High-order services like hospitals and universities require a much larger threshold population than a convenience store.
10. What do geographers call a very large urban agglomeration with a total population of more than 10 million people (such as Tokyo, Delhi or São Paulo): a megacity or a hamlet?
Megacity
The United Nations defines a megacity as an urban area with 10 million or more inhabitants.
11. Building a new housing estate on previously undeveloped farmland or meadow at the edge of a town uses: a greenfield site or a brownfield site?
Greenfield site
Greenfield land has never been built on before.
12. Historically, why were many early settlements founded next to rivers, sheltered harbours or fresh springs (wet-point sites): for a reliable supply of fresh drinking water, fishing and boat transport, or to avoid all water?
For a reliable supply of fresh drinking water, fishing and boat transport
Site and situation factors such as fresh water, bridging points and natural harbours shaped early settlement growth.

12 questions · Seed 49 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification

Worksheet StudioPractice pack · Ages 10-12

Settlements, cities & migration

Take your time. Show your thinking.

1. What is a “sustainable city” (eco-city) designed to achieve: meeting residents’ housing, transport, water and energy needs while minimising waste, pollution and resource depletion, or paving over all parks?
“sustainable city” · Settlements, cities & migr…
2. When several neighbouring cities and large towns expand and merge into one continuous built-up urban region, what is this merged urban area called: a conurbation or an archipelago?
When several neighbouring … · Settlements, cities & migr…
3. In a flood-prone river valley, a settlement built on slightly higher dry ground above the floodplain is called: a dry-point site or a wet-point site?
In a flood-prone river val… · Settlements, cities & migr…
4. What is a protected zone of open farmland, woodland or parkland designated around a city to restrict urban sprawl and preserve green space: a greenbelt or an industrial estate?
What is a protected zone o… · Settlements, cities & migr…
5. When people and businesses move out of large crowded cities into smaller towns and rural villages (enabled by fast transport and remote working), this movement is called: counter-urbanisation or rural-to-urban migration?
When people and businesses… · Settlements, cities & migr…
6. Which urban transport strategy reduces traffic congestion and air pollution most effectively: investing in frequent electric buses, metro rail and safe cycle lanes, or removing all pavements?
Which urban transport stra… · Settlements, cities & migr…
7. What is the difference between internal migration and international migration: internal migration takes place within the borders of the same country, whereas international migration crosses a national border, or they are identical?
What is the difference bet… · Settlements, cities & migr…
8. In human geography, what is the correct settlement hierarchy in order of increasing population size and services: Hamlet → Village → Town → City, or City → Town → Hamlet → Village?
In human geography, what i… · Settlements, cities & migr…
9. What do geographers call the minimum number of customers required to support a particular shop or service (such as a corner bakery vs an international airport): the threshold population or the birth rate?
What do geographers call t… · Settlements, cities & migr…
10. What do geographers call a very large urban agglomeration with a total population of more than 10 million people (such as Tokyo, Delhi or São Paulo): a megacity or a hamlet?
10 m · Settlements, cities & migr…
11. Building a new housing estate on previously undeveloped farmland or meadow at the edge of a town uses: a greenfield site or a brownfield site?
Building a new housing est… · Settlements, cities & migr…
12. Historically, why were many early settlements founded next to rivers, sheltered harbours or fresh springs (wet-point sites): for a reliable supply of fresh drinking water, fishing and boat transport, or to avoid all water?
Historically, why were man… · Settlements, cities & migr…

12 questions · Seed 49 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification

Worksheet StudioAnswer key · Ages 10-12

Settlements, cities & migration

Answers and reasoning. Review before teaching.

1. What is a “sustainable city” (eco-city) designed to achieve: meeting residents’ housing, transport, water and energy needs while minimising waste, pollution and resource depletion, or paving over all parks?
Meeting residents’ housing, transport, water and energy needs while minimising waste, pollution and resource depletion
Sustainable urban design integrates green roofs, solar energy, water recycling, parks and clean transit.
2. When several neighbouring cities and large towns expand and merge into one continuous built-up urban region, what is this merged urban area called: a conurbation or an archipelago?
Conurbation
A conurbation forms when formerly separate towns grow outward and coalesce.
3. In a flood-prone river valley, a settlement built on slightly higher dry ground above the floodplain is called: a dry-point site or a wet-point site?
Dry-point site
Dry-point sites protect buildings and crops from seasonal river flooding.
4. What is a protected zone of open farmland, woodland or parkland designated around a city to restrict urban sprawl and preserve green space: a greenbelt or an industrial estate?
Greenbelt
Greenbelt planning policies prevent neighbouring towns from merging into one continuous built-up area.
5. When people and businesses move out of large crowded cities into smaller towns and rural villages (enabled by fast transport and remote working), this movement is called: counter-urbanisation or rural-to-urban migration?
Counter-urbanisation
Counter-urbanisation is the demographic movement from major cities to smaller rural settlements.
6. Which urban transport strategy reduces traffic congestion and air pollution most effectively: investing in frequent electric buses, metro rail and safe cycle lanes, or removing all pavements?
Investing in frequent electric buses, metro rail and safe cycle lanes
High-capacity public transit and active-travel infrastructure move far more people per metre of road space with lower emissions.
7. What is the difference between internal migration and international migration: internal migration takes place within the borders of the same country, whereas international migration crosses a national border, or they are identical?
Internal migration takes place within the borders of the same country, whereas international migration crosses a national border
Moving from a rural island or village to the national capital is internal migration; moving to another country is international migration.
8. In human geography, what is the correct settlement hierarchy in order of increasing population size and services: Hamlet → Village → Town → City, or City → Town → Hamlet → Village?
Hamlet → Village → Town → City
A hamlet has only a few dwellings; a village adds basic services; a town and city offer progressively larger populations and specialist services.
9. What do geographers call the minimum number of customers required to support a particular shop or service (such as a corner bakery vs an international airport): the threshold population or the birth rate?
Threshold population
High-order services like hospitals and universities require a much larger threshold population than a convenience store.
10. What do geographers call a very large urban agglomeration with a total population of more than 10 million people (such as Tokyo, Delhi or São Paulo): a megacity or a hamlet?
Megacity
The United Nations defines a megacity as an urban area with 10 million or more inhabitants.
11. Building a new housing estate on previously undeveloped farmland or meadow at the edge of a town uses: a greenfield site or a brownfield site?
Greenfield site
Greenfield land has never been built on before.
12. Historically, why were many early settlements founded next to rivers, sheltered harbours or fresh springs (wet-point sites): for a reliable supply of fresh drinking water, fishing and boat transport, or to avoid all water?
For a reliable supply of fresh drinking water, fishing and boat transport
Site and situation factors such as fresh water, bridging points and natural harbours shaped early settlement growth.

12 questions · Seed 49 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification