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Settlements, cities & migration

Examine settlement hierarchy, push and pull migration factors, greenbelts, brownfield sites and sustainable cities. Review suitability for your learners before teaching.

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Worksheet StudioPractice pack · Ages 10-12

Settlements, cities & migration

Take your time. Show your thinking.

1. What is the maximum distance that people are prepared to travel to buy a good or use a service: the sphere of influence (range) or the contour interval?
What is the maximum distan… · Settlements, cities & migr…
2. In settlement geography, a village where houses are grouped closely together around a central green, crossroads or harbour is described as having what pattern: a nucleated settlement pattern or a dispersed pattern?
In settlement geography, a… · Settlements, cities & migr…
3. Why are urban temperatures often 2 °C to 5 °C warmer than the surrounding countryside, especially at night (the urban heat island effect): dark concrete and tarmac absorb heat and buildings trap warmth while releasing waste heat, or cities are closer to the Sun?
2 °C · 5 °C · Settlements, cities & migr…
4. What is a “sustainable city” (eco-city) designed to achieve: meeting residents’ housing, transport, water and energy needs while minimising waste, pollution and resource depletion, or paving over all parks?
“sustainable city” · Settlements, cities & migr…
5. In migration studies, negative conditions that drive people to leave their home area (such as drought, unemployment or conflict) are called: push factors or pull factors?
In migration studies, nega… · Settlements, cities & migr…
6. In urban planning, redeveloping derelict former industrial land or disused docks inside a city rather than building on untouched countryside uses: a brownfield site or a greenfield site?
In urban planning, redevel… · Settlements, cities & migr…
7. When people and businesses move out of large crowded cities into smaller towns and rural villages (enabled by fast transport and remote working), this movement is called: counter-urbanisation or rural-to-urban migration?
When people and businesses… · Settlements, cities & migr…
8. Which urban transport strategy reduces traffic congestion and air pollution most effectively: investing in frequent electric buses, metro rail and safe cycle lanes, or removing all pavements?
Which urban transport stra… · Settlements, cities & migr…
9. In a flood-prone river valley, a settlement built on slightly higher dry ground above the floodplain is called: a dry-point site or a wet-point site?
In a flood-prone river val… · Settlements, cities & migr…
10. When several neighbouring cities and large towns expand and merge into one continuous built-up urban region, what is this merged urban area called: a conurbation or an archipelago?
When several neighbouring … · Settlements, cities & migr…
11. What is the difference between internal migration and international migration: internal migration takes place within the borders of the same country, whereas international migration crosses a national border, or they are identical?
What is the difference bet… · Settlements, cities & migr…
12. What is a protected zone of open farmland, woodland or parkland designated around a city to restrict urban sprawl and preserve green space: a greenbelt or an industrial estate?
What is a protected zone o… · Settlements, cities & migr…

12 questions · Seed 47 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification

View the answer key

Worksheet StudioAnswer key · Ages 10-12

Settlements, cities & migration

Answers and reasoning. Review before teaching.

1. What is the maximum distance that people are prepared to travel to buy a good or use a service: the sphere of influence (range) or the contour interval?
Sphere of influence (range)
People travel only a short distance for everyday low-order goods (milk, bread) but much further for specialist high-order goods.
2. In settlement geography, a village where houses are grouped closely together around a central green, crossroads or harbour is described as having what pattern: a nucleated settlement pattern or a dispersed pattern?
Nucleated settlement pattern
Nucleated settlements cluster buildings compactly around a focal point, unlike linear (along a road/coast) or dispersed farmsteads.
3. Why are urban temperatures often 2 °C to 5 °C warmer than the surrounding countryside, especially at night (the urban heat island effect): dark concrete and tarmac absorb heat and buildings trap warmth while releasing waste heat, or cities are closer to the Sun?
Dark concrete and tarmac absorb heat and buildings trap warmth while releasing waste heat
Impervious dark surfaces, reduced vegetation and energy use create an urban heat island.
4. What is a “sustainable city” (eco-city) designed to achieve: meeting residents’ housing, transport, water and energy needs while minimising waste, pollution and resource depletion, or paving over all parks?
Meeting residents’ housing, transport, water and energy needs while minimising waste, pollution and resource depletion
Sustainable urban design integrates green roofs, solar energy, water recycling, parks and clean transit.
5. In migration studies, negative conditions that drive people to leave their home area (such as drought, unemployment or conflict) are called: push factors or pull factors?
Push factors
Push factors encourage or force people to emigrate from an area.
6. In urban planning, redeveloping derelict former industrial land or disused docks inside a city rather than building on untouched countryside uses: a brownfield site or a greenfield site?
Brownfield site
Brownfield sites have been previously developed; reusing them regenerates inner cities and protects rural greenfield land.
7. When people and businesses move out of large crowded cities into smaller towns and rural villages (enabled by fast transport and remote working), this movement is called: counter-urbanisation or rural-to-urban migration?
Counter-urbanisation
Counter-urbanisation is the demographic movement from major cities to smaller rural settlements.
8. Which urban transport strategy reduces traffic congestion and air pollution most effectively: investing in frequent electric buses, metro rail and safe cycle lanes, or removing all pavements?
Investing in frequent electric buses, metro rail and safe cycle lanes
High-capacity public transit and active-travel infrastructure move far more people per metre of road space with lower emissions.
9. In a flood-prone river valley, a settlement built on slightly higher dry ground above the floodplain is called: a dry-point site or a wet-point site?
Dry-point site
Dry-point sites protect buildings and crops from seasonal river flooding.
10. When several neighbouring cities and large towns expand and merge into one continuous built-up urban region, what is this merged urban area called: a conurbation or an archipelago?
Conurbation
A conurbation forms when formerly separate towns grow outward and coalesce.
11. What is the difference between internal migration and international migration: internal migration takes place within the borders of the same country, whereas international migration crosses a national border, or they are identical?
Internal migration takes place within the borders of the same country, whereas international migration crosses a national border
Moving from a rural island or village to the national capital is internal migration; moving to another country is international migration.
12. What is a protected zone of open farmland, woodland or parkland designated around a city to restrict urban sprawl and preserve green space: a greenbelt or an industrial estate?
Greenbelt
Greenbelt planning policies prevent neighbouring towns from merging into one continuous built-up area.

12 questions · Seed 47 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification

Worksheet StudioPractice pack · Ages 10-12

Settlements, cities & migration

Take your time. Show your thinking.

1. What is the maximum distance that people are prepared to travel to buy a good or use a service: the sphere of influence (range) or the contour interval?
What is the maximum distan… · Settlements, cities & migr…
2. In settlement geography, a village where houses are grouped closely together around a central green, crossroads or harbour is described as having what pattern: a nucleated settlement pattern or a dispersed pattern?
In settlement geography, a… · Settlements, cities & migr…
3. Why are urban temperatures often 2 °C to 5 °C warmer than the surrounding countryside, especially at night (the urban heat island effect): dark concrete and tarmac absorb heat and buildings trap warmth while releasing waste heat, or cities are closer to the Sun?
2 °C · 5 °C · Settlements, cities & migr…
4. What is a “sustainable city” (eco-city) designed to achieve: meeting residents’ housing, transport, water and energy needs while minimising waste, pollution and resource depletion, or paving over all parks?
“sustainable city” · Settlements, cities & migr…
5. In migration studies, negative conditions that drive people to leave their home area (such as drought, unemployment or conflict) are called: push factors or pull factors?
In migration studies, nega… · Settlements, cities & migr…
6. In urban planning, redeveloping derelict former industrial land or disused docks inside a city rather than building on untouched countryside uses: a brownfield site or a greenfield site?
In urban planning, redevel… · Settlements, cities & migr…
7. When people and businesses move out of large crowded cities into smaller towns and rural villages (enabled by fast transport and remote working), this movement is called: counter-urbanisation or rural-to-urban migration?
When people and businesses… · Settlements, cities & migr…
8. Which urban transport strategy reduces traffic congestion and air pollution most effectively: investing in frequent electric buses, metro rail and safe cycle lanes, or removing all pavements?
Which urban transport stra… · Settlements, cities & migr…
9. In a flood-prone river valley, a settlement built on slightly higher dry ground above the floodplain is called: a dry-point site or a wet-point site?
In a flood-prone river val… · Settlements, cities & migr…
10. When several neighbouring cities and large towns expand and merge into one continuous built-up urban region, what is this merged urban area called: a conurbation or an archipelago?
When several neighbouring … · Settlements, cities & migr…
11. What is the difference between internal migration and international migration: internal migration takes place within the borders of the same country, whereas international migration crosses a national border, or they are identical?
What is the difference bet… · Settlements, cities & migr…
12. What is a protected zone of open farmland, woodland or parkland designated around a city to restrict urban sprawl and preserve green space: a greenbelt or an industrial estate?
What is a protected zone o… · Settlements, cities & migr…

12 questions · Seed 47 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification

Worksheet StudioAnswer key · Ages 10-12

Settlements, cities & migration

Answers and reasoning. Review before teaching.

1. What is the maximum distance that people are prepared to travel to buy a good or use a service: the sphere of influence (range) or the contour interval?
Sphere of influence (range)
People travel only a short distance for everyday low-order goods (milk, bread) but much further for specialist high-order goods.
2. In settlement geography, a village where houses are grouped closely together around a central green, crossroads or harbour is described as having what pattern: a nucleated settlement pattern or a dispersed pattern?
Nucleated settlement pattern
Nucleated settlements cluster buildings compactly around a focal point, unlike linear (along a road/coast) or dispersed farmsteads.
3. Why are urban temperatures often 2 °C to 5 °C warmer than the surrounding countryside, especially at night (the urban heat island effect): dark concrete and tarmac absorb heat and buildings trap warmth while releasing waste heat, or cities are closer to the Sun?
Dark concrete and tarmac absorb heat and buildings trap warmth while releasing waste heat
Impervious dark surfaces, reduced vegetation and energy use create an urban heat island.
4. What is a “sustainable city” (eco-city) designed to achieve: meeting residents’ housing, transport, water and energy needs while minimising waste, pollution and resource depletion, or paving over all parks?
Meeting residents’ housing, transport, water and energy needs while minimising waste, pollution and resource depletion
Sustainable urban design integrates green roofs, solar energy, water recycling, parks and clean transit.
5. In migration studies, negative conditions that drive people to leave their home area (such as drought, unemployment or conflict) are called: push factors or pull factors?
Push factors
Push factors encourage or force people to emigrate from an area.
6. In urban planning, redeveloping derelict former industrial land or disused docks inside a city rather than building on untouched countryside uses: a brownfield site or a greenfield site?
Brownfield site
Brownfield sites have been previously developed; reusing them regenerates inner cities and protects rural greenfield land.
7. When people and businesses move out of large crowded cities into smaller towns and rural villages (enabled by fast transport and remote working), this movement is called: counter-urbanisation or rural-to-urban migration?
Counter-urbanisation
Counter-urbanisation is the demographic movement from major cities to smaller rural settlements.
8. Which urban transport strategy reduces traffic congestion and air pollution most effectively: investing in frequent electric buses, metro rail and safe cycle lanes, or removing all pavements?
Investing in frequent electric buses, metro rail and safe cycle lanes
High-capacity public transit and active-travel infrastructure move far more people per metre of road space with lower emissions.
9. In a flood-prone river valley, a settlement built on slightly higher dry ground above the floodplain is called: a dry-point site or a wet-point site?
Dry-point site
Dry-point sites protect buildings and crops from seasonal river flooding.
10. When several neighbouring cities and large towns expand and merge into one continuous built-up urban region, what is this merged urban area called: a conurbation or an archipelago?
Conurbation
A conurbation forms when formerly separate towns grow outward and coalesce.
11. What is the difference between internal migration and international migration: internal migration takes place within the borders of the same country, whereas international migration crosses a national border, or they are identical?
Internal migration takes place within the borders of the same country, whereas international migration crosses a national border
Moving from a rural island or village to the national capital is internal migration; moving to another country is international migration.
12. What is a protected zone of open farmland, woodland or parkland designated around a city to restrict urban sprawl and preserve green space: a greenbelt or an industrial estate?
Greenbelt
Greenbelt planning policies prevent neighbouring towns from merging into one continuous built-up area.

12 questions · Seed 47 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification