ScienceAges 10-12

Human body systems & organs

Connect major human organs and systems to digestion, circulation, respiration and coordination. Review suitability for your learners before teaching.

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Worksheet StudioPractice pack · Ages 10-12

Human body systems & organs

Take your time. Show your thinking.

1. What is the straw-coloured liquid portion of blood that transports dissolved glucose, carbon dioxide, urea and hormones: plasma or bile?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
2. What are the tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out: alveoli or villi?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
3. Which dome-shaped muscle beneath the lungs contracts and flattens when you inhale, increasing chest volume and drawing air in: the diaphragm or the bicep?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
4. Which component of human blood contains haemoglobin and transports oxygen from the lungs to body tissues: red blood cells or platelets?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
5. Which nutrient group is primarily needed for building and repairing body cells and muscle tissue (found in fish, eggs, beans and lentils): proteins or water?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
6. Where does digestion begin in the human body through chewing and the action of salivary amylase: in the mouth or in the large intestine?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
7. In the human circulatory system, which blood vessels carry blood AWAY from the heart under high pressure with thick muscular walls: arteries or veins?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
8. Which organ produces bile (stored in the gallbladder) to neutralise stomach acid and emulsify fats into tiny droplets: the liver or the lungs?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
9. Which muscular tube carries swallowed food from the mouth down to the stomach by wave-like contractions (peristalsis): the oesophagus (gullet) or the trachea (windpipe)?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
10. Which microscopic blood vessels have walls only one cell thick to allow rapid exchange of oxygen, nutrients and waste with body tissues: capillaries or arteries?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
11. Which digestive enzyme breaks down fats and oils (lipids) into fatty acids and glycerol: lipase or amylase?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
12. Which class of digestive enzymes breaks down proteins into amino acids: proteases or amylases?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract

12 questions · Seed 48 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification

View the answer key

Worksheet StudioAnswer key · Ages 10-12

Human body systems & organs

Answers and reasoning. Review before teaching.

1. What is the straw-coloured liquid portion of blood that transports dissolved glucose, carbon dioxide, urea and hormones: plasma or bile?
Plasma
Blood plasma is the liquid matrix in which blood cells are suspended.
2. What are the tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out: alveoli or villi?
Alveoli
Millions of alveoli in the lungs provide a large moist surface area surrounded by capillaries for gas exchange.
3. Which dome-shaped muscle beneath the lungs contracts and flattens when you inhale, increasing chest volume and drawing air in: the diaphragm or the bicep?
Diaphragm
Contraction of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles expands the thorax, lowering pressure so air flows into the lungs.
4. Which component of human blood contains haemoglobin and transports oxygen from the lungs to body tissues: red blood cells or platelets?
Red blood cells
Red blood cells (erythrocytes) are packed with haemoglobin and lack a nucleus to maximise oxygen transport.
5. Which nutrient group is primarily needed for building and repairing body cells and muscle tissue (found in fish, eggs, beans and lentils): proteins or water?
Proteins
Proteins supply amino acids for growth and tissue repair.
6. Where does digestion begin in the human body through chewing and the action of salivary amylase: in the mouth or in the large intestine?
In the mouth
Teeth mechanically break down food while saliva begins digesting starch into maltose.
7. In the human circulatory system, which blood vessels carry blood AWAY from the heart under high pressure with thick muscular walls: arteries or veins?
Arteries
Arteries have thick elastic and muscular walls to withstand high-pressure blood pumped from the heart.
8. Which organ produces bile (stored in the gallbladder) to neutralise stomach acid and emulsify fats into tiny droplets: the liver or the lungs?
Liver
The liver secretes alkaline bile, which emulsifies lipids to increase surface area for lipase enzymes.
9. Which muscular tube carries swallowed food from the mouth down to the stomach by wave-like contractions (peristalsis): the oesophagus (gullet) or the trachea (windpipe)?
Oesophagus (gullet)
Peristalsis in the oesophagus pushes the food bolus into the stomach.
10. Which microscopic blood vessels have walls only one cell thick to allow rapid exchange of oxygen, nutrients and waste with body tissues: capillaries or arteries?
Capillaries
Thin capillary walls provide a short diffusion pathway between blood and cells.
11. Which digestive enzyme breaks down fats and oils (lipids) into fatty acids and glycerol: lipase or amylase?
Lipase
Lipase enzymes digest lipids into fatty acids and glycerol.
12. Which class of digestive enzymes breaks down proteins into amino acids: proteases or amylases?
Proteases
Proteases (such as pepsin and trypsin) hydrolyse proteins into amino acids.

12 questions · Seed 48 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification

Worksheet StudioPractice pack · Ages 10-12

Human body systems & organs

Take your time. Show your thinking.

1. What is the straw-coloured liquid portion of blood that transports dissolved glucose, carbon dioxide, urea and hormones: plasma or bile?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
2. What are the tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out: alveoli or villi?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
3. Which dome-shaped muscle beneath the lungs contracts and flattens when you inhale, increasing chest volume and drawing air in: the diaphragm or the bicep?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
4. Which component of human blood contains haemoglobin and transports oxygen from the lungs to body tissues: red blood cells or platelets?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
5. Which nutrient group is primarily needed for building and repairing body cells and muscle tissue (found in fish, eggs, beans and lentils): proteins or water?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
6. Where does digestion begin in the human body through chewing and the action of salivary amylase: in the mouth or in the large intestine?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
7. In the human circulatory system, which blood vessels carry blood AWAY from the heart under high pressure with thick muscular walls: arteries or veins?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
8. Which organ produces bile (stored in the gallbladder) to neutralise stomach acid and emulsify fats into tiny droplets: the liver or the lungs?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
9. Which muscular tube carries swallowed food from the mouth down to the stomach by wave-like contractions (peristalsis): the oesophagus (gullet) or the trachea (windpipe)?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
10. Which microscopic blood vessels have walls only one cell thick to allow rapid exchange of oxygen, nutrients and waste with body tissues: capillaries or arteries?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
11. Which digestive enzyme breaks down fats and oils (lipids) into fatty acids and glycerol: lipase or amylase?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
12. Which class of digestive enzymes breaks down proteins into amino acids: proteases or amylases?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract

12 questions · Seed 48 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification

Worksheet StudioAnswer key · Ages 10-12

Human body systems & organs

Answers and reasoning. Review before teaching.

1. What is the straw-coloured liquid portion of blood that transports dissolved glucose, carbon dioxide, urea and hormones: plasma or bile?
Plasma
Blood plasma is the liquid matrix in which blood cells are suspended.
2. What are the tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out: alveoli or villi?
Alveoli
Millions of alveoli in the lungs provide a large moist surface area surrounded by capillaries for gas exchange.
3. Which dome-shaped muscle beneath the lungs contracts and flattens when you inhale, increasing chest volume and drawing air in: the diaphragm or the bicep?
Diaphragm
Contraction of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles expands the thorax, lowering pressure so air flows into the lungs.
4. Which component of human blood contains haemoglobin and transports oxygen from the lungs to body tissues: red blood cells or platelets?
Red blood cells
Red blood cells (erythrocytes) are packed with haemoglobin and lack a nucleus to maximise oxygen transport.
5. Which nutrient group is primarily needed for building and repairing body cells and muscle tissue (found in fish, eggs, beans and lentils): proteins or water?
Proteins
Proteins supply amino acids for growth and tissue repair.
6. Where does digestion begin in the human body through chewing and the action of salivary amylase: in the mouth or in the large intestine?
In the mouth
Teeth mechanically break down food while saliva begins digesting starch into maltose.
7. In the human circulatory system, which blood vessels carry blood AWAY from the heart under high pressure with thick muscular walls: arteries or veins?
Arteries
Arteries have thick elastic and muscular walls to withstand high-pressure blood pumped from the heart.
8. Which organ produces bile (stored in the gallbladder) to neutralise stomach acid and emulsify fats into tiny droplets: the liver or the lungs?
Liver
The liver secretes alkaline bile, which emulsifies lipids to increase surface area for lipase enzymes.
9. Which muscular tube carries swallowed food from the mouth down to the stomach by wave-like contractions (peristalsis): the oesophagus (gullet) or the trachea (windpipe)?
Oesophagus (gullet)
Peristalsis in the oesophagus pushes the food bolus into the stomach.
10. Which microscopic blood vessels have walls only one cell thick to allow rapid exchange of oxygen, nutrients and waste with body tissues: capillaries or arteries?
Capillaries
Thin capillary walls provide a short diffusion pathway between blood and cells.
11. Which digestive enzyme breaks down fats and oils (lipids) into fatty acids and glycerol: lipase or amylase?
Lipase
Lipase enzymes digest lipids into fatty acids and glycerol.
12. Which class of digestive enzymes breaks down proteins into amino acids: proteases or amylases?
Proteases
Proteases (such as pepsin and trypsin) hydrolyse proteins into amino acids.

12 questions · Seed 48 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification