ScienceAges 10-12

Human body systems & organs

Connect major human organs and systems to digestion, circulation, respiration and coordination. Review suitability for your learners before teaching.

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Age band:Ages 10-12 Ages 13-15

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Worksheet StudioPractice pack · Ages 10-12

Human body systems & organs

Take your time. Show your thinking.

1. What is the straw-coloured liquid portion of blood that transports dissolved glucose, carbon dioxide, urea and hormones: plasma or bile?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
2. In which long, folded organ of the digestive system are most digested nutrients absorbed into the bloodstream through tiny finger-like villi: the small intestine or the oesophagus?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
3. Which mineral is essential for building strong bones and teeth (found in dairy products, leafy greens and small fish): calcium or sodium?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
4. Which digestive enzyme breaks down large starch molecules into simple sugars: amylase or lipase?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
5. Which nutrient group is primarily needed for building and repairing body cells and muscle tissue (found in fish, eggs, beans and lentils): proteins or water?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
6. Which digestive enzyme breaks down fats and oils (lipids) into fatty acids and glycerol: lipase or amylase?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
7. Which organ produces bile (stored in the gallbladder) to neutralise stomach acid and emulsify fats into tiny droplets: the liver or the lungs?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
8. Which vitamin found in citrus fruits and fresh vegetables prevents scurvy and supports healthy connective tissue: Vitamin C or Vitamin D?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
9. Which component of blood defends the body against pathogens by engulfing microbes or producing antibodies: white blood cells or red blood cells?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
10. Where does digestion begin in the human body through chewing and the action of salivary amylase: in the mouth or in the large intestine?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
11. Which dome-shaped muscle beneath the lungs contracts and flattens when you inhale, increasing chest volume and drawing air in: the diaphragm or the bicep?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
12. Why is dietary fibre (roughage from vegetables, fruits and whole grains) important even though humans cannot digest it: it keeps food moving smoothly through the intestines, or it turns into bone?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract

12 questions · Seed 43 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification

View the answer key

Worksheet StudioAnswer key · Ages 10-12

Human body systems & organs

Answers and reasoning. Review before teaching.

1. What is the straw-coloured liquid portion of blood that transports dissolved glucose, carbon dioxide, urea and hormones: plasma or bile?
Plasma
Blood plasma is the liquid matrix in which blood cells are suspended.
2. In which long, folded organ of the digestive system are most digested nutrients absorbed into the bloodstream through tiny finger-like villi: the small intestine or the oesophagus?
Small intestine
Villi and microvilli in the small intestine provide a huge surface area for nutrient absorption.
3. Which mineral is essential for building strong bones and teeth (found in dairy products, leafy greens and small fish): calcium or sodium?
Calcium
Calcium phosphate gives bones and tooth enamel their hardness and strength.
4. Which digestive enzyme breaks down large starch molecules into simple sugars: amylase or lipase?
Amylase
Carbohydrases such as amylase catalyse the breakdown of starch into sugars.
5. Which nutrient group is primarily needed for building and repairing body cells and muscle tissue (found in fish, eggs, beans and lentils): proteins or water?
Proteins
Proteins supply amino acids for growth and tissue repair.
6. Which digestive enzyme breaks down fats and oils (lipids) into fatty acids and glycerol: lipase or amylase?
Lipase
Lipase enzymes digest lipids into fatty acids and glycerol.
7. Which organ produces bile (stored in the gallbladder) to neutralise stomach acid and emulsify fats into tiny droplets: the liver or the lungs?
Liver
The liver secretes alkaline bile, which emulsifies lipids to increase surface area for lipase enzymes.
8. Which vitamin found in citrus fruits and fresh vegetables prevents scurvy and supports healthy connective tissue: Vitamin C or Vitamin D?
Vitamin C
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is essential for collagen synthesis and immune health.
9. Which component of blood defends the body against pathogens by engulfing microbes or producing antibodies: white blood cells or red blood cells?
White blood cells
White blood cells (leukocytes) are key cells of the immune system.
10. Where does digestion begin in the human body through chewing and the action of salivary amylase: in the mouth or in the large intestine?
In the mouth
Teeth mechanically break down food while saliva begins digesting starch into maltose.
11. Which dome-shaped muscle beneath the lungs contracts and flattens when you inhale, increasing chest volume and drawing air in: the diaphragm or the bicep?
Diaphragm
Contraction of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles expands the thorax, lowering pressure so air flows into the lungs.
12. Why is dietary fibre (roughage from vegetables, fruits and whole grains) important even though humans cannot digest it: it keeps food moving smoothly through the intestines, or it turns into bone?
It keeps food moving smoothly through the intestines
Fibre adds bulk to aid peristalsis and prevent constipation.

12 questions · Seed 43 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification

Worksheet StudioPractice pack · Ages 10-12

Human body systems & organs

Take your time. Show your thinking.

1. What is the straw-coloured liquid portion of blood that transports dissolved glucose, carbon dioxide, urea and hormones: plasma or bile?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
2. In which long, folded organ of the digestive system are most digested nutrients absorbed into the bloodstream through tiny finger-like villi: the small intestine or the oesophagus?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
3. Which mineral is essential for building strong bones and teeth (found in dairy products, leafy greens and small fish): calcium or sodium?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
4. Which digestive enzyme breaks down large starch molecules into simple sugars: amylase or lipase?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
5. Which nutrient group is primarily needed for building and repairing body cells and muscle tissue (found in fish, eggs, beans and lentils): proteins or water?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
6. Which digestive enzyme breaks down fats and oils (lipids) into fatty acids and glycerol: lipase or amylase?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
7. Which organ produces bile (stored in the gallbladder) to neutralise stomach acid and emulsify fats into tiny droplets: the liver or the lungs?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
8. Which vitamin found in citrus fruits and fresh vegetables prevents scurvy and supports healthy connective tissue: Vitamin C or Vitamin D?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
9. Which component of blood defends the body against pathogens by engulfing microbes or producing antibodies: white blood cells or red blood cells?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
10. Where does digestion begin in the human body through chewing and the action of salivary amylase: in the mouth or in the large intestine?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
11. Which dome-shaped muscle beneath the lungs contracts and flattens when you inhale, increasing chest volume and drawing air in: the diaphragm or the bicep?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
12. Why is dietary fibre (roughage from vegetables, fruits and whole grains) important even though humans cannot digest it: it keeps food moving smoothly through the intestines, or it turns into bone?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract

12 questions · Seed 43 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification

Worksheet StudioAnswer key · Ages 10-12

Human body systems & organs

Answers and reasoning. Review before teaching.

1. What is the straw-coloured liquid portion of blood that transports dissolved glucose, carbon dioxide, urea and hormones: plasma or bile?
Plasma
Blood plasma is the liquid matrix in which blood cells are suspended.
2. In which long, folded organ of the digestive system are most digested nutrients absorbed into the bloodstream through tiny finger-like villi: the small intestine or the oesophagus?
Small intestine
Villi and microvilli in the small intestine provide a huge surface area for nutrient absorption.
3. Which mineral is essential for building strong bones and teeth (found in dairy products, leafy greens and small fish): calcium or sodium?
Calcium
Calcium phosphate gives bones and tooth enamel their hardness and strength.
4. Which digestive enzyme breaks down large starch molecules into simple sugars: amylase or lipase?
Amylase
Carbohydrases such as amylase catalyse the breakdown of starch into sugars.
5. Which nutrient group is primarily needed for building and repairing body cells and muscle tissue (found in fish, eggs, beans and lentils): proteins or water?
Proteins
Proteins supply amino acids for growth and tissue repair.
6. Which digestive enzyme breaks down fats and oils (lipids) into fatty acids and glycerol: lipase or amylase?
Lipase
Lipase enzymes digest lipids into fatty acids and glycerol.
7. Which organ produces bile (stored in the gallbladder) to neutralise stomach acid and emulsify fats into tiny droplets: the liver or the lungs?
Liver
The liver secretes alkaline bile, which emulsifies lipids to increase surface area for lipase enzymes.
8. Which vitamin found in citrus fruits and fresh vegetables prevents scurvy and supports healthy connective tissue: Vitamin C or Vitamin D?
Vitamin C
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is essential for collagen synthesis and immune health.
9. Which component of blood defends the body against pathogens by engulfing microbes or producing antibodies: white blood cells or red blood cells?
White blood cells
White blood cells (leukocytes) are key cells of the immune system.
10. Where does digestion begin in the human body through chewing and the action of salivary amylase: in the mouth or in the large intestine?
In the mouth
Teeth mechanically break down food while saliva begins digesting starch into maltose.
11. Which dome-shaped muscle beneath the lungs contracts and flattens when you inhale, increasing chest volume and drawing air in: the diaphragm or the bicep?
Diaphragm
Contraction of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles expands the thorax, lowering pressure so air flows into the lungs.
12. Why is dietary fibre (roughage from vegetables, fruits and whole grains) important even though humans cannot digest it: it keeps food moving smoothly through the intestines, or it turns into bone?
It keeps food moving smoothly through the intestines
Fibre adds bulk to aid peristalsis and prevent constipation.

12 questions · Seed 43 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification