ScienceAges 10-12

Human body systems & organs

Connect major human organs and systems to digestion, circulation, respiration and coordination. Review suitability for your learners before teaching.

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Worksheet StudioPractice pack · Ages 10-12

Human body systems & organs

Take your time. Show your thinking.

1. Which class of digestive enzymes breaks down proteins into amino acids: proteases or amylases?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
2. Which muscular tube carries swallowed food from the mouth down to the stomach by wave-like contractions (peristalsis): the oesophagus (gullet) or the trachea (windpipe)?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
3. Which mineral is required to make haemoglobin in red blood cells (so deficiency leads to anaemia): iron or iodine?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
4. Which nutrient group is primarily needed for building and repairing body cells and muscle tissue (found in fish, eggs, beans and lentils): proteins or water?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
5. What is the straw-coloured liquid portion of blood that transports dissolved glucose, carbon dioxide, urea and hormones: plasma or bile?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
6. What is the main function of the large intestine (colon): to absorb remaining water from undigested food waste, or to pump blood?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
7. Which digestive enzyme breaks down fats and oils (lipids) into fatty acids and glycerol: lipase or amylase?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
8. Which component of blood defends the body against pathogens by engulfing microbes or producing antibodies: white blood cells or red blood cells?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
9. In which long, folded organ of the digestive system are most digested nutrients absorbed into the bloodstream through tiny finger-like villi: the small intestine or the oesophagus?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
10. Which dome-shaped muscle beneath the lungs contracts and flattens when you inhale, increasing chest volume and drawing air in: the diaphragm or the bicep?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
11. Which blood vessels carry blood BACK toward the heart and contain valves to prevent backflow: veins or arteries?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
12. Which vitamin found in citrus fruits and fresh vegetables prevents scurvy and supports healthy connective tissue: Vitamin C or Vitamin D?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract

12 questions · Seed 104734 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification

View the answer key

Worksheet StudioAnswer key · Ages 10-12

Human body systems & organs

Answers and reasoning. Review before teaching.

1. Which class of digestive enzymes breaks down proteins into amino acids: proteases or amylases?
Proteases
Proteases (such as pepsin and trypsin) hydrolyse proteins into amino acids.
2. Which muscular tube carries swallowed food from the mouth down to the stomach by wave-like contractions (peristalsis): the oesophagus (gullet) or the trachea (windpipe)?
Oesophagus (gullet)
Peristalsis in the oesophagus pushes the food bolus into the stomach.
3. Which mineral is required to make haemoglobin in red blood cells (so deficiency leads to anaemia): iron or iodine?
Iron
Iron sits at the core of the haem group in haemoglobin that binds oxygen.
4. Which nutrient group is primarily needed for building and repairing body cells and muscle tissue (found in fish, eggs, beans and lentils): proteins or water?
Proteins
Proteins supply amino acids for growth and tissue repair.
5. What is the straw-coloured liquid portion of blood that transports dissolved glucose, carbon dioxide, urea and hormones: plasma or bile?
Plasma
Blood plasma is the liquid matrix in which blood cells are suspended.
6. What is the main function of the large intestine (colon): to absorb remaining water from undigested food waste, or to pump blood?
To absorb remaining water from undigested food waste
The large intestine reabsorbs water and electrolytes, leaving semi-solid faeces.
7. Which digestive enzyme breaks down fats and oils (lipids) into fatty acids and glycerol: lipase or amylase?
Lipase
Lipase enzymes digest lipids into fatty acids and glycerol.
8. Which component of blood defends the body against pathogens by engulfing microbes or producing antibodies: white blood cells or red blood cells?
White blood cells
White blood cells (leukocytes) are key cells of the immune system.
9. In which long, folded organ of the digestive system are most digested nutrients absorbed into the bloodstream through tiny finger-like villi: the small intestine or the oesophagus?
Small intestine
Villi and microvilli in the small intestine provide a huge surface area for nutrient absorption.
10. Which dome-shaped muscle beneath the lungs contracts and flattens when you inhale, increasing chest volume and drawing air in: the diaphragm or the bicep?
Diaphragm
Contraction of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles expands the thorax, lowering pressure so air flows into the lungs.
11. Which blood vessels carry blood BACK toward the heart and contain valves to prevent backflow: veins or arteries?
Veins
Veins operate at lower pressure and use one-way valves to keep blood flowing toward the heart.
12. Which vitamin found in citrus fruits and fresh vegetables prevents scurvy and supports healthy connective tissue: Vitamin C or Vitamin D?
Vitamin C
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is essential for collagen synthesis and immune health.

12 questions · Seed 104734 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification

Worksheet StudioPractice pack · Ages 10-12

Human body systems & organs

Take your time. Show your thinking.

1. Which class of digestive enzymes breaks down proteins into amino acids: proteases or amylases?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
2. Which muscular tube carries swallowed food from the mouth down to the stomach by wave-like contractions (peristalsis): the oesophagus (gullet) or the trachea (windpipe)?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
3. Which mineral is required to make haemoglobin in red blood cells (so deficiency leads to anaemia): iron or iodine?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
4. Which nutrient group is primarily needed for building and repairing body cells and muscle tissue (found in fish, eggs, beans and lentils): proteins or water?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
5. What is the straw-coloured liquid portion of blood that transports dissolved glucose, carbon dioxide, urea and hormones: plasma or bile?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
6. What is the main function of the large intestine (colon): to absorb remaining water from undigested food waste, or to pump blood?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
7. Which digestive enzyme breaks down fats and oils (lipids) into fatty acids and glycerol: lipase or amylase?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
8. Which component of blood defends the body against pathogens by engulfing microbes or producing antibodies: white blood cells or red blood cells?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
9. In which long, folded organ of the digestive system are most digested nutrients absorbed into the bloodstream through tiny finger-like villi: the small intestine or the oesophagus?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
10. Which dome-shaped muscle beneath the lungs contracts and flattens when you inhale, increasing chest volume and drawing air in: the diaphragm or the bicep?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
11. Which blood vessels carry blood BACK toward the heart and contain valves to prevent backflow: veins or arteries?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract
12. Which vitamin found in citrus fruits and fresh vegetables prevents scurvy and supports healthy connective tissue: Vitamin C or Vitamin D?
Heart · Lungs · Digestive Tract

12 questions · Seed 104734 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification

Worksheet StudioAnswer key · Ages 10-12

Human body systems & organs

Answers and reasoning. Review before teaching.

1. Which class of digestive enzymes breaks down proteins into amino acids: proteases or amylases?
Proteases
Proteases (such as pepsin and trypsin) hydrolyse proteins into amino acids.
2. Which muscular tube carries swallowed food from the mouth down to the stomach by wave-like contractions (peristalsis): the oesophagus (gullet) or the trachea (windpipe)?
Oesophagus (gullet)
Peristalsis in the oesophagus pushes the food bolus into the stomach.
3. Which mineral is required to make haemoglobin in red blood cells (so deficiency leads to anaemia): iron or iodine?
Iron
Iron sits at the core of the haem group in haemoglobin that binds oxygen.
4. Which nutrient group is primarily needed for building and repairing body cells and muscle tissue (found in fish, eggs, beans and lentils): proteins or water?
Proteins
Proteins supply amino acids for growth and tissue repair.
5. What is the straw-coloured liquid portion of blood that transports dissolved glucose, carbon dioxide, urea and hormones: plasma or bile?
Plasma
Blood plasma is the liquid matrix in which blood cells are suspended.
6. What is the main function of the large intestine (colon): to absorb remaining water from undigested food waste, or to pump blood?
To absorb remaining water from undigested food waste
The large intestine reabsorbs water and electrolytes, leaving semi-solid faeces.
7. Which digestive enzyme breaks down fats and oils (lipids) into fatty acids and glycerol: lipase or amylase?
Lipase
Lipase enzymes digest lipids into fatty acids and glycerol.
8. Which component of blood defends the body against pathogens by engulfing microbes or producing antibodies: white blood cells or red blood cells?
White blood cells
White blood cells (leukocytes) are key cells of the immune system.
9. In which long, folded organ of the digestive system are most digested nutrients absorbed into the bloodstream through tiny finger-like villi: the small intestine or the oesophagus?
Small intestine
Villi and microvilli in the small intestine provide a huge surface area for nutrient absorption.
10. Which dome-shaped muscle beneath the lungs contracts and flattens when you inhale, increasing chest volume and drawing air in: the diaphragm or the bicep?
Diaphragm
Contraction of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles expands the thorax, lowering pressure so air flows into the lungs.
11. Which blood vessels carry blood BACK toward the heart and contain valves to prevent backflow: veins or arteries?
Veins
Veins operate at lower pressure and use one-way valves to keep blood flowing toward the heart.
12. Which vitamin found in citrus fruits and fresh vegetables prevents scurvy and supports healthy connective tissue: Vitamin C or Vitamin D?
Vitamin C
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is essential for collagen synthesis and immune health.

12 questions · Seed 104734 · Age guidance, not curriculum certification